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1. Using this by_columns function, what does this program print? ``

python
def by_columns(words):
    first = words[0]
    for col in range(len(first)):
        for word in words:
            if col >= len(word) or word[col] != first[col]:
                return first[:col]
    return first

print(by_columns(['ab', 'abc', 'abd']))

``

abcabaabd

2. Using this by_shortening function, what does this program print? ``

python
def by_shortening(words):
    prefix = words[0]
    for word in words:
        while not word.startswith(prefix):
            prefix = prefix[:-1]
    return prefix

print(by_shortening(['interview', 'inter', 'internal']))

``

interviewinterninteinter

3. What does this program print? ``

python
word = 'fl'
print(word[0:6])
print(word[5])

``

fl, then flfl, then IndexError: string index out of range, because word[5] is past the end of flflower, then an IndexErrorAn IndexError on the first line, because 6 is past the end of fl

4. The function below is the column method without its length check. What happens when you call no_length_check(['abc', 'a'])? ``

python
def no_length_check(words):
    first = words[0]
    for col in range(len(first)):
        c = first[col]
        for row in range(1, len(words)):
            if words[row][col] != c:
                return first[:col]
    return first

``

It raises IndexError: string index out of range at words[1][1], because the word a has no index 1It returns abc, because the first word is always the answerIt returns a with no error, because indexing stops at the end of a short wordIt raises KeyError, because the list has no key for the second word

5. In the check that a word begins with the candidate, the code is word.______(prefix). Write the method name that fills the blank.

Type your answer.

Prefixes