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1. What does this program print? ``

python
a = -16
print(a >> 2)
print((a & 0xFFFFFFFF) >> 2)

``

-4 and 1073741820-4 and -4-8 and 10737418201073741820 and -4

2. What does this program print? ``

python
b = 127
b += 2
print(b)

``

-1282129-127

3. This loop should count how many shifts it takes for x to reach 0. What goes wrong? ``

python
x = -16
count = 0
while x != 0:
    x >>= 1
    count += 1

``

It stops after one step, because a negative int makes x != 0 false.It raises a TypeError, because >>= only works on positive numbers.It never ends, because >> copies the sign bit, so x settles at -1 and never equals 0. Mask it on each step with x = (x & 0xFFFFFFFF) >> 1.It stops after 4 steps, because 16 is 2 to the power of 4.

4. What does this program print? ``

python
hits = 0
hits = hits + 1
print(hits)

``

-1, because a byte wraps at 127TypeError: cannot convert int to byte0, because the first assignment locks the type1, because Python ints do not wrap or shrink to a smaller size

5. True or false: in Python, -7 >> 1 and -7 // 2 give the same answer.

True, because for an int, >> 1 divides by 2 and rounds down, and // also rounds down, so both give -4False, because >> rounds toward zero and gives -3, while // rounds down to -4

Shifts and integer sizes in Python